Karaburun – Ildır Special Environmental Protection Area

Tag

City: Izmir

Area (ha): 946.56

Announcement Date: 15.03.2019

General features

Biodiversity

Flora: Characterizing this climate in the Karaburun Peninsula, which is dominated by the “Semi-humid Mediterranean Climate Type” in terms of climate; Three different vegetation formations, namely forest, maquis and garig/frigana formations, are distributed. The destruction of the red pine assemblages of the Karaburun Peninsula has created the maquis formation, and the destruction of this formation has created the frigana formation.

The vegetation in the Karaburun Peninsula is generally maquis. The dominant tree species of forest vegetation is red pine (Pinus brutia) (approximately 27,000 ha of red pine forest), the tree species of the maquis formation is kermes oak (Quercus coccifera), the species that can be found in almost all areas of the garig formation is ablution bozan (Sarcopoterium spinosum) and various Ladenes (Cistus sp.).

Although there are some regional variations, the species that make up the vegetation are mostly olea, arbutus, , pistacia,  Oak, rosary, maple tree, gum, mountain strawberry, carob, laurel, patience, paper, mulberry, sunflower, tortoisegrass, spout grass. They are plants such as , trifolium, , wild onion, ,, ,. On the other hand, the most common types of frigana are thorny burnet, , tree heather, pink flowered heather.

In the area, 15 endemic, 4 rare and 5 CITES plant species have been identified. Again, 21 plant species have been determined in the category of IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature), despite these species and being outside of these species.

In the peninsula flora, 76 species of medicinal, 38 species of beekeeping, 30 species of food, 39 species of commercial, 34 species of landscape and 19 species of plant species with feed value and economic value have been identified.

Fauna: Bozdağ mass and forest-covered areas in Karaburun Peninsula are rich in wildlife.